Both Christianity — where they part company

Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends) and Reformed Christianity (Calvinism)

Close relatives, which is exactly why the 8 axes they diverge on are the interesting part. Mean distance across all seventeen axes: 0.38 (0 would be identical).

Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends)Christianity

The inner light in every person, reached in silence, with no clergy, no creed and no sacraments — the most thoroughly de-ritualised body in Christianity. Its authority and practice positions sit closer to Stoicism than to Catholicism, which is one of the more interesting facts the matrix surfaces.

Reformed Christianity (Calvinism)Christianity

God’s sovereignty pressed further than anywhere else in Christianity: election is unconditional and grace is irresistible, so nothing whatsoever on the human side earns the outcome. Worship is stripped to what scripture positively commands.

Where they agree

  • C2 Shape of time

    Both sit at one life, then judgment — a gap of 0.03.

  • A3 Plurality

    Both sit at strictly one — a gap of 0.05.

Where they part company

  • B1 Source of truth

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): reason and direct experience. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): revealed and fixed. A gap of 0.78 on an axis running from “revealed and fixed” to “reason and direct experience”.

  • E1 Exclusivity

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): leaning many valid paths. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): one true path. A gap of 0.70 on an axis running from “one true path” to “many valid paths”.

  • C3 The human condition

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): leaning ignorant but fundamentally sound. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): fallen and in need of rescue. A gap of 0.65 on an axis running from “fallen and in need of rescue” to “ignorant but fundamentally sound”.

  • B3 Institutional authority

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): individual conscience decides. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): leaning clergy and tradition decide. A gap of 0.60 on an axis running from “clergy and tradition decide” to “individual conscience decides”.

  • B2 Reading of sacred text

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): leaning metaphorical, or no text at all. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): leaning literal and binding. A gap of 0.55 on an axis running from “literal and binding” to “metaphorical, or no text at all”.

  • A4 Locus

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): fully present within it. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): leaning wholly beyond the world. A gap of 0.53 on an axis running from “wholly beyond the world” to “fully present within it”.

  • D2 Centrality of ritual

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): optional or absent. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): between essential and prescribed and optional or absent. A gap of 0.47 on an axis running from “essential and prescribed” to “optional or absent”.

  • D1 Mechanism of the ultimate good

    Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends): between given as grace and achieved by effort or insight. Reformed Christianity (Calvinism): given as grace. A gap of 0.43 on an axis running from “given as grace” to “achieved by effort or insight”.

All seventeen axes

AxisQuaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends)Reformed Christianity (Calvinism)Gap
A1 Divine realityleaning a divine reality certainly existsa divine reality certainly exists0.18
A2 Personhoodleaning a personal being one can addressa personal being one can address0.26
A3 Pluralitystrictly onestrictly one0.05
A4 Locusfully present within itleaning wholly beyond the world0.53
B1 Source of truthreason and direct experiencerevealed and fixed0.78
B2 Reading of sacred textleaning metaphorical, or no text at allleaning literal and binding0.55
B3 Institutional authorityindividual conscience decidesleaning clergy and tradition decide0.60
C1 Survival of the selfleaning continues in some formcontinues in some form0.23
C2 Shape of timeone life, then judgmentone life, then judgment0.03
C3 The human conditionleaning ignorant but fundamentally soundfallen and in need of rescue0.65
D1 Mechanism of the ultimate goodbetween given as grace and achieved by effort or insightgiven as grace0.43
D2 Centrality of ritualoptional or absentbetween essential and prescribed and optional or absent0.47
D3 The bodybetween to be disciplined and to be celebratedleaning to be disciplined0.18
E1 Exclusivityleaning many valid pathsone true path0.70
E2 Origin of the cosmosleaning an intentional actan intentional act0.16
E3 Locus of belongingleaning an individual choicebetween a people, inherited and an individual choice0.27
E4 Standing of naturebetween creation, given for use and animate and itself sacredleaning creation, given for use0.34

Positions for Quaker Christianity (Religious Society of Friends) rest principally on Quaker Faith & Practice (Britain Yearly Meeting) and Barclay’s Apology (1678); for Reformed Christianity (Calvinism), on Westminster Confession of Faith (1646). Per-cell sources are listed on each tradition’s own page.

Which of the two is closer to you?

The questionnaire places your answers on these same axes and ranks all 65 traditions by how closely they match. Take it.