Islam · branch

Sufism

Islamic practice turned toward direct experiential knowledge of God, with the divine understood as present in everything rather than only beyond it. Keeps the law and the ritual; adds dhikr, a master, and an inclusivism unusual for the family.

What makes it unusual

The axes on which this tradition sits furthest from the middle of the matrix — which is to say, the positions that actually distinguish it.

  • E2 Origin of the cosmosan intentional actFurther toward "an intentional act" than most traditions in the matrix.
  • C2 Shape of timeone life, then judgmentFurther toward "one life, then judgment" than most traditions in the matrix.
  • C1 Survival of the selfcontinues in some formFurther toward "continues in some form" than most traditions in the matrix.
  • A3 Pluralitystrictly oneFurther toward "strictly one" than most traditions in the matrix.

All seventeen positions

Each cell carries a centre, a dispersion — how much internal variation the tradition genuinely tolerates — and the source the position rests on. Disagree with one? Say so; corrections are public and recorded.

The same seventeen values as a single shape, read clockwise from A1 at the top. The outline is where the tradition sits; the wider band around it is the variation it genuinely tolerates, so a tight outline is a tight tradition.

  • position
  • tolerated variation

A · The divine

AxisPositionValue±σ
A1 Divine realitynothing beyond the naturala divine reality certainly existsa divine reality certainly existsIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi1.000.02
A2 Personhoodimpersonal principle or ordera personal being one can addressleaning a personal being one can addressIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.700.15
A3 Pluralitystrictly onemany powers and spiritsstrictly oneIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.050.05
A4 Locuswholly beyond the worldfully present within itfully present within itIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.880.10

B · Knowledge and authority

AxisPositionValue±σ
B1 Source of truthrevealed and fixedreason and direct experienceleaning reason and direct experienceIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.780.12
B2 Reading of sacred textliteral and bindingmetaphorical, or no text at allbetween literal and binding and metaphorical, or no text at allIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.620.15
B3 Institutional authorityclergy and tradition decideindividual conscience decidesleaning clergy and tradition decideIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.250.13

C · Self and destiny

AxisPositionValue±σ
C1 Survival of the selfends at deathcontinues in some formcontinues in some formIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.980.02
C2 Shape of timeone life, then judgmentcyclical returnone life, then judgmentIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.080.07
C3 The human conditionfallen and in need of rescueignorant but fundamentally soundbetween fallen and in need of rescue and ignorant but fundamentally soundIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.600.13

D · Practice

AxisPositionValue±σ
D1 Mechanism of the ultimate goodgiven as graceachieved by effort or insightbetween given as grace and achieved by effort or insightIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.400.16
D2 Centrality of ritualessential and prescribedoptional or absentessential and prescribedIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.120.10
D3 The bodyto be disciplinedto be celebratedleaning to be disciplinedIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.250.13

E · World and others

AxisPositionValue±σ
E1 Exclusivityone true pathmany valid pathsbetween one true path and many valid pathsIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.620.16
E2 Origin of the cosmosan intentional actbeginningless or naturalan intentional actIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.030.03
E3 Locus of belonginga people, inheritedan individual choicebetween a people, inherited and an individual choiceIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.600.14
E4 Standing of naturecreation, given for useanimate and itself sacredbetween creation, given for use and animate and itself sacredIbn ʿArabi, al-Ghazali’s Ihyaʿ, and Rumi’s Mathnawi0.580.14

Further reading

Compared with

Where do you sit?

The questionnaire places your own answers on these same seventeen axes and reports how close you are to this tradition and to 64 others. Take it — eight to fourteen questions, nothing transmitted.