Across families

Pantheism and Secular Buddhism

Different families with 11 axes in close agreement — the sort of pairing a quiz weighting only the divine axes would never surface. Mean distance across all seventeen axes: 0.16 (0 would be identical).

PantheismPhilosophical

The universe is the divine — not made by it, not containing it, identical to it. Scores the matrix maximum on immanence and near it on the sacredness of nature, while denying a personal God entirely.

Secular BuddhismBuddhism

The practice and the psychology kept, the cosmology set aside: no literal rebirth, no supernatural claims, no authority beyond what you can test in your own experience. A naturalist reading of the canon rather than a rejection of it.

Where they agree

  • C3 The human condition

    Both sit at ignorant but fundamentally sound — a gap of 0.00.

  • E2 Origin of the cosmos

    Both sit at beginningless or natural — a gap of 0.02.

  • E3 Locus of belonging

    Both sit at an individual choice — a gap of 0.02.

  • B1 Source of truth

    Both sit at reason and direct experience — a gap of 0.03.

  • A2 Personhood

    Both sit at impersonal principle or order — a gap of 0.03.

  • E1 Exclusivity

    Both sit at many valid paths — a gap of 0.03.

  • B3 Institutional authority

    Both sit at individual conscience decides — a gap of 0.05.

  • D1 Mechanism of the ultimate good

    Both sit at achieved by effort or insight — a gap of 0.07.

  • A3 Plurality

    Both sit at strictly one — a gap of 0.07.

  • B2 Reading of sacred text

    Both sit at metaphorical, or no text at all — a gap of 0.07.

  • D2 Centrality of ritual

    Both sit at leaning optional or absent — a gap of 0.08.

Where they part company

  • A1 Divine reality

    Pantheism: a divine reality certainly exists. Secular Buddhism: nothing beyond the natural. A gap of 0.76 on an axis running from “nothing beyond the natural” to “a divine reality certainly exists”.

  • E4 Standing of nature

    Pantheism: animate and itself sacred. Secular Buddhism: between creation, given for use and animate and itself sacred. A gap of 0.40 on an axis running from “creation, given for use” to “animate and itself sacred”.

All seventeen axes

AxisPantheismSecular BuddhismGap
A1 Divine realitya divine reality certainly existsnothing beyond the natural0.76
A2 Personhoodimpersonal principle or orderimpersonal principle or order0.03
A3 Pluralitystrictly onestrictly one0.07
A4 Locusfully present within itleaning fully present within it0.30
B1 Source of truthreason and direct experiencereason and direct experience0.03
B2 Reading of sacred textmetaphorical, or no text at allmetaphorical, or no text at all0.07
B3 Institutional authorityindividual conscience decidesindividual conscience decides0.05
C1 Survival of the selfleaning ends at deathends at death0.15
C2 Shape of timebetween one life, then judgment and cyclical returnleaning one life, then judgment0.30
C3 The human conditionignorant but fundamentally soundignorant but fundamentally sound0.00
D1 Mechanism of the ultimate goodachieved by effort or insightachieved by effort or insight0.07
D2 Centrality of ritualleaning optional or absentleaning optional or absent0.08
D3 The bodyleaning to be celebratedbetween to be disciplined and to be celebrated0.34
E1 Exclusivitymany valid pathsmany valid paths0.03
E2 Origin of the cosmosbeginningless or naturalbeginningless or natural0.02
E3 Locus of belongingan individual choicean individual choice0.02
E4 Standing of natureanimate and itself sacredbetween creation, given for use and animate and itself sacred0.40

Positions for Pantheism rest principally on Spinoza’s Ethics and the World Pantheist Movement statement; for Secular Buddhism, on Batchelor, Buddhism Without Beliefs (1997) and After Buddhism (2015). Per-cell sources are listed on each tradition’s own page.

Which of the two is closer to you?

The questionnaire places your answers on these same axes and ranks all 65 traditions by how closely they match. Take it.