Across families

Advaita Vedanta and Mahayana Buddhism

Different families with 11 axes in close agreement — the sort of pairing a quiz weighting only the divine axes would never surface. Mean distance across all seventeen axes: 0.16 (0 would be identical).

Advaita VedantaHinduism

One reality without a second: what you take to be a separate self is Brahman, misperceived. Knowledge dissolves the error — there is nothing to acquire and nobody separate to acquire it.

Mahayana BuddhismBuddhism

Emptiness and buddha-nature: awakening is not acquired but uncovered, and it is aimed at everyone rather than at oneself. Skilful means makes the tradition genuinely pluralist about how people get there.

Where they agree

  • C2 Shape of time

    Both sit at cyclical return — a gap of 0.00.

  • C3 The human condition

    Both sit at ignorant but fundamentally sound — a gap of 0.00.

  • E2 Origin of the cosmos

    Both sit at beginningless or natural — a gap of 0.04.

  • B3 Institutional authority

    Both sit at leaning clergy and tradition decide — a gap of 0.07.

  • E1 Exclusivity

    Both sit at leaning many valid paths — a gap of 0.08.

  • B1 Source of truth

    Both sit at between revealed and fixed and reason and direct experience — a gap of 0.10.

  • D1 Mechanism of the ultimate good

    Both sit at achieved by effort or insight and leaning achieved by effort or insight respectively — a gap of 0.10.

  • E4 Standing of nature

    Both sit at leaning animate and itself sacred and between creation, given for use and animate and itself sacred respectively — a gap of 0.10.

  • B2 Reading of sacred text

    Both sit at between literal and binding and metaphorical, or no text at all — a gap of 0.10.

  • A4 Locus

    Both sit at fully present within it and leaning fully present within it respectively — a gap of 0.12.

  • D3 The body

    Both sit at leaning to be disciplined — a gap of 0.12.

Where they part company

  • A1 Divine reality

    Advaita Vedanta: a divine reality certainly exists. Mahayana Buddhism: between nothing beyond the natural and a divine reality certainly exists. A gap of 0.55 on an axis running from “nothing beyond the natural” to “a divine reality certainly exists”.

All seventeen axes

AxisAdvaita VedantaMahayana BuddhismGap
A1 Divine realitya divine reality certainly existsbetween nothing beyond the natural and a divine reality certainly exists0.55
A2 Personhoodimpersonal principle or orderleaning impersonal principle or order0.20
A3 Pluralityleaning strictly onebetween strictly one and many powers and spirits0.28
A4 Locusfully present within itleaning fully present within it0.12
B1 Source of truthbetween revealed and fixed and reason and direct experiencebetween revealed and fixed and reason and direct experience0.10
B2 Reading of sacred textbetween literal and binding and metaphorical, or no text at allbetween literal and binding and metaphorical, or no text at all0.10
B3 Institutional authorityleaning clergy and tradition decideleaning clergy and tradition decide0.07
C1 Survival of the selfleaning continues in some formleaning ends at death0.35
C2 Shape of timecyclical returncyclical return0.00
C3 The human conditionignorant but fundamentally soundignorant but fundamentally sound0.00
D1 Mechanism of the ultimate goodachieved by effort or insightleaning achieved by effort or insight0.10
D2 Centrality of ritualbetween essential and prescribed and optional or absentbetween essential and prescribed and optional or absent0.17
D3 The bodyleaning to be disciplinedleaning to be disciplined0.12
E1 Exclusivityleaning many valid pathsleaning many valid paths0.08
E2 Origin of the cosmosbeginningless or naturalbeginningless or natural0.04
E3 Locus of belongingleaning a people, inheritedleaning an individual choice0.37
E4 Standing of natureleaning animate and itself sacredbetween creation, given for use and animate and itself sacred0.10

Positions for Advaita Vedanta rest principally on Shankara’s Brahmasutrabhasya and the principal Upanishads; for Mahayana Buddhism, on Lotus, Heart and Vimalakirti Sutras; Nagarjuna’s Mulamadhyamakakarika. Per-cell sources are listed on each tradition’s own page.

Which of the two is closer to you?

The questionnaire places your answers on these same axes and ranks all 65 traditions by how closely they match. Take it.